In India, many texts and knowledge systems, called Shastra (=complete).
Yoga Sutra of Patanjali is one Shastra. You have source, course and goal exposed.
First Pada: How to achieve Samadhi
Second Pada: How to practice that in life
Third Pada: What are the marks of the practice
Fourth Pada: What is the ultimate result?
Every time there’s a new term, Patanjali explains it and then goes further
Patanjali’s approach is from mind, psychological
200 years ago, the world was fait-orientated (religions). Then, science, the analytical took over and very little possibility of emotions or faith
The world has become mechanical, human being a machine
Patanjali’s system: balancing the rational and the emotional mind
The scientist way is reductionist: in the end, there’s nothing > < Patanjali’s system goes towards the Infinite
Nowadays science is measuring yoga and the philosophical systems too
In Sadhana Pada, first sutra Tapahsvadhyayeshvarapranidhanani kriyayogah,
TAPAH means penance, to go through a lot of troubles to modify yourself. You burn yourself in many ways to purify.
SVADHYAYA is self analysis and self-understanding where ‘I’ is not pure and how should I correct it. See how your practice which is a progress by tapah influences. Know your defects and study yourself. What is the measure? Only those who have gone the path before, know. Their information – the scriptures tell.
ISHVARA PRANIDHANA: https://annenuotio.wordpress.com/2013/11/05/narasimha-on-ishvara/
Different kind of yogas. Different yogis depending on how they feel and what they do. Unity of emotion and action:
Karma Yoga (Action) – Tapas
Jnana Yoga (Knowledge) – Svadhyaya
Bhakti Yoga (Devotion) – Ishvara
Any action always creates some dirt.
Photo Bill Brundell